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Joint stiffness, pain or tenderness, swelling and/or redness that persists for more than two weeks-all may signal arthritis. Any of 100 forms of arthritis can damage our bodies, especially the joints, gradually wearing away protective cartilage where the bones meet to make a joint. The force our body weight generates on the toe and ankle joints makes them particularly susceptible to arthritis. As cartilage erodes and bone rubs against bone, the joint becomes painful. Movement may become limited as bone ends erode or thicken, sometimes developing painful outgrowths, or spurs. If left untreated, damage to cartilage can seriously weaken the joints, often leading to pain and deformities.
Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are two common forms of arthritis that affect millions of Americans, especially those over age 45. The cause of rheumatoid arthritis, a 'systemic' disease that can affect the entire body, is unclear. It is believed to result when the body produces enzymes that inflame the joints and other tissues. Osteoarthritis, sometimes called degenerative arthritis, or referred to as joint "wear and tear," is isolated to the joints. Pain and stiffness caused by cartilage destruction develop slowly as a result of years of everyday living.
Surgery When Joint Problems are Severe:
Surgery to reconstruct the joint may be needed if arthritis causes chronic problems that cannot be controlled by medications, orthotics or physical therapy, especially if: · pain is constant · toe motion is limited, causing a change in natural stance or walk · deformities (such as bunions and hammertoes) restrict normal activities In the vast majority of cases, reconstructive surgery can bring improvement. Pain relief is a common benefit. Other benefits may include an improved ability to move the joint, or an improved appearance. Goals of surgery are different for each individual, and should be discussed with the podiatric surgeon. While surgical care will not cure arthritis or completely restore the joint to its natural health, it will ease pain and make daily activities more manageable. Other treatment options include orthotics and/or special shoes. Conservative care is always attempted prior to surgery, including physical therapy, joint injections and non- steroidal anti- inflammatory medication.
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